Status for: LAI/FPAR (MOD15)
General Accuracy Statement
Validation at stage 2 has been achieved for the MODIS C6 LAI product.
The MODIS LAI product has been used in many validation field studies and in LAI product inter-comparison work. With expanded and updated ground-measured LAI validation datasets, the validation practice has been conducted for C6 LAI product. When all biomes are taken in account, the accuracy of LAI is 0.69 LAI units RMSEs. The sites used in these studies are representative of major global vegetation types and cover many different time periods. The LAI product is thus considered to be validated to stage 2.
Validation at stage 1 has been achieved for the C6 FPAR product. The accuracy is 0.15 FPAR units RMSE.
Consistency of C6 LAI/FPAR with precedent product under identical biome input condition is C5 LAI ±0.29 and that of FPAR is C5 FPAR ±0.051.
Please find details of MODIS C6 LAI/FPAR direct and indirect validation practices from Yan et al., 2016a and 2016b.
Comparison between MODIS C6 LAI/FPAR and ground measured LAI/FPAR. 54 true LAI, 82 effective LAI and
45 FPAR measurements are used here. The 3km×3km sites dominated by different biome types are depicted by
different colors. Circles (triangles) in LAI panel represent ground LAI measurements corrected (not corrected) for clumping.
45 FPAR measurements are used here. The 3km×3km sites dominated by different biome types are depicted by
different colors. Circles (triangles) in LAI panel represent ground LAI measurements corrected (not corrected) for clumping.
Product status updated: February 2024
Product version: Collection 6.1
Product version: Collection 6.1
Supporting Studies:
| Title: Continuity between NASA MODIS Collection 6.1 and VIIRS Collection 2 land products |
| Author: Román, M., Justice, C., Paynter, I., Boucher, P., Devadiga, S., Endsley, A., Erb, A., Friedl, M., Gao, H., Giglio, L., Gray, J., Hall, D., Hulley, G., Kimball, J., Knyazikhin, Y., Lyapustin, A., Myneni, R., Noojipady, P., Pu, J., Riggs, G., Sarkar, S., Schaaf, C., Shah, D., Tran, K., Vermote, E., Wang, D., Wang, Z., Wu, A., Ye, Y., Shen, Y., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhao, M., Davidson, C., Wolfe, R. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Sensor-independent LAI/FPAR CDR: reconstructing a global sensor-independent climate data record of MODIS and VIIRS LAI/FPAR from 2000 to 2022 |
| Author: Pu, J., Yan, K., Roy, S., Zhu, Z., Rautiainen, M., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: Earth System Science Data |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: A method for retrieving coarse-resolution leaf area index for mixed biomes using a mixed-pixel correction factor |
| Author: Dong, Y., Li, J., Jiao, Z., Liu, Q., Zhao, J., Xu, B., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., Liu, C., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Improving the MODIS LAI compositing using prior time-series information |
| Author: Pu, J., Yan, K., Gao, S., Zhang, Y., Park, T., Sun, X., Weiss, M., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Improving the Quality of MODIS LAI Products by Exploiting Spatiotemporal Correlation Information |
| Author: Wang, J., Yan, K., Gao, S., Pu, J., Liu, J., Park, T., Bi, J., Maeda, E.E., Heiskanen, J., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS leaf area index (GIMMS LAI4g) from 1982 to 2020 |
| Author: Cao, S., Li, M., Zhu, Z., Wang, Z., Zha, J., Zhao, W., Duanmu, Z., Chen, J., Zheng, Y., Chen, Y., Myneni, R., Piao, S. |
| Source: Earth System Science Data |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Seasonal and long-term variations in leaf area of Congolese rainforest |
| Author: Sun, Y., Knyazikhin, Y., She, X., Ni, X., Chen, C., Ren, H., Myneni, R. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 2022 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Performance stability of the MODIS and VIIRS LAI algorithms inferred from analysis of long time series of products |
| Author: Yan, K., Pu, J., Park, T., Xu, B., Zeng, Y., Yan, G., Weiss, M., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 2021 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: A Bibliometric Visualization Review of the MODIS LAI/FPAR Products from 1995 to 2020 |
| Author: Yan, K., Zou, D., Yan, G., Fang, H., Weiss, M., Rautianinen, M., Knyazikhin, Y, Myneni, M. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 2021 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Improving leaf area index retrieval over heterogeneous surface mixed with T water |
| Author: Xua, B., Li, J., Park, T., Liu, Q., Zeng, Y., Yine, G., Yan, K., Chen, C., Zhao, J., Fang, W., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 240 (2020) 111700 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of the MODIS LAI/FPAR Algorithm Based on 3D-RTM Simulations: A Case Study of Grassland |
| Author: Pu, J., Yan,K., Zhou,G., Lei, Y., Zhu, Y., Guo, D., Li,H., Xu, L., Knyazikhin,Y., and Myneni, R. |
| Source: Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 3391; doi:10.3390/rs12203391 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Analysis of Global LAI/FPAR Products from VIIRS and MODIS Sensors for Spatio-Temporal Consistency and Uncertainty from 2012–2016 |
| Author: Baodong Xu, Taejin Park, Kai Yan, Chi Chen, Yelu Zeng, Wanjuan Song, Gaofei Yin, Jing Li, Qinhuo Liu, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ranga B Myneni |
| Source: Forests 2018, 9(2), 73 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: An integrated method for validating long-term leaf area index products using global networks of site-based measurements |
| Author: Baodong Xu, Jing Li, Taejin Park, Qinhuo Liu, Yelu Zeng, Gaofei Yin, Jing Zhao, Weiliang Fan, Le Yang, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ranga B Myneni |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 209, pp.134-151 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Prototyping of LAI and FPAR Retrievals from MODIS Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Data |
| Author: Chi Chen, Yuri Knyazikhin, Taejin Park, Kai Yan, Alexei Lyapustin, Yujie Wang, Bin Yang, and Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: Remote Sensing, 2017, 9(4), 370; doi:10.3390/rs9040370 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of MODIS LAI/FPAR Product Collection 6. Part 1: Consistency and Improvements |
| Author: Kai Yan, Taejin Park, Guangjian Yan, Chi Chen, Bin Yang, Zhao Liu, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, Yuri Knyazikhin and Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: Remote Sensing, 2016, 8(5), 359; doi:10.3390/rs8050359 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of MODIS LAI/FPAR Product Collection 6. Part 2: Validation and Intercomparison |
| Author: Kai Yan, Taejin Park, Guangjian Yan, Zhao Liu, Bin Yang, Chi Chen, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, Yuri Knyazikhin and Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: Remote Sens. 2016, 8(6), 460; doi:10.3390/rs8060460 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: The Impact of Potential Land Cover Misclassification on MODIS Leaf Area Index (LAI) Estimation: A Statistical Perspective |
| Author: Fang, H., Li, W., Myneni, R.B |
| Source: Remote Sens., 5: 830-844, 2013a |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Characterization and intercomparison of global moderate resolution leaf area index (LAI) products: Analysis of climatologies and theoretical uncertainties |
| Author: Fang, H., Jiang, C., Li, W., Wei, S., Baret, F., Chen, J.M., Garcia-Haro, J., Liang, S., Liu, R., Myneni, R.B., Pinty, B., Xiao, Z., Zhu, Z. |
| Source: J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 2013b |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Continuous observation of tree leaf area index at ecosystem scale using upward-pointing digital cameras |
| Author: Youngryel Ryu, Joseph Verfaillie, Craig Macfarlane, Hideki Kobayashi, Oliver Sonnentag, Rodrigo Vargas, Siyan Ma, Dennis D. Baldocchi |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 126 (2012) 116–125; doi:10.1016/j.rse.2012.08.027 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Theoretical uncertainty analysis of global MODIS, CYCLOPES and GLOBCARBON LAI products using a triple collocation method. |
| Author: Fang, H., S. Wei, C. Jiang, and K. Scipal |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 124, 610-621. |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Validation of MODIS and CYCLOPES LAI products using global field measurement data |
| Author: Fang, H., S. Wei, and S. Liang |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 119, 43-54. |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Interpretation of variations in MODIS-measured greenness levels of Amazon forests during 2000 to 2009 |
| Author: Samanta A., Ganguly, S., Vermote, E., Nemani, R.R., Myneni, R.B. |
| Source: Environ. Res. Lett. 7 024018 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: An assessment of the MODIS collection 5 leaf area index product for a region of mixed coniferous forest |
| Author: M.G. De Kauwe, M.I. Disney, T. Quaife, P. Lewis, M. Williams |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 115 (2011) 767–780; doi:10.1016/j.rse.2010.11.004 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Documenting improvement in leaf area index estimates from MODIS using hemispherical photos for Australian savannas |
| Author: William B. Sea, Philippe Choler, Jason Beringer, Richard A. Weinmann, Lindsay B. Hutley, Ray Leuning |
| Source: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151 (2011) 1453–1461; doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.12.006 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Comparison of four global FAPAR datasets over Northern Eurasia for the year 2000 |
| Author: McCallum, I., Wagner, W., Schmullius, C., Shivdenko, A., Obersteiner, M., Fritz, S., Nilsson, S. |
| Source: Remote Sens. Environ., 114: 941-949, 2010 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Validation and intercomparison of global Leaf Area Index products derived from remote sensing data |
| Author: Sebastien Garrigues, R. Lacaze, F. Baret, J. T. Morisette, M. Weiss, J. E. Nickeson, R. Fernandes, S. Plummer, N. V. Shabanov, R. B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, and W. Yang |
| Source: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 113, G02028, doi:10.1029/2007JG000635, 2008 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Generating Vegetation Leaf Area Index Earth System Data Record from Multiple Sensors. Part 1: Theory |
| Author: Ganguly, S., Schull, M. A., Samanta, A., Shabanov, N. V., Milesi, C., Nemani, R. R., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. B. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 112, 4333-4343, 2008a |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Generating Vegetation Leaf Area Index Earth System Data Record from Multiple Sensors. Part 2: Implementation, Analysis and Validation |
| Author: Ganguly, S., Schull, M. A., Samanta, A., Shabanov, N. V., Milesi, C., Nemani, R. R., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R. B. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 112, 4318-4332, 2008b |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Stochastic transport theory for investigating the three-dimensional canopy structure from space measurement |
| Author: Huang, D., Knyazikhin, Y., Wang, W., Deering, D.W., Stenberg, P, Shabanov, N.V., Tan, B., Myneni, R.B. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environ., 112: 35–50, 2008. |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: The Importance of Measurement Error for Deriving Accurate Reference Leaf Area Index Maps and Validation of the MODIS LAI Product |
| Author: Dong Huang, Wenze Yang, Bin Tan, Miina Rautiainen, Ping Zhang, Jiannan Hu, Nikolay Shabanov, Sune Linder, Yuri Knyazikhin, and Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 44, No. 7, July 2006 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: MODIS Leaf Area Index Products: From Validation to Algorithm Improvement |
| Author: W. Yang, B. Tan, D. Huang, M. Rautiainen, N.V. Shabanov, Y. Wang, J.L. Privette, K.F. Huemmrich, R. Fensholt, I. Sandholt, M. Weiss, D.E. Ahl, S.T. Gower, R.R. Nemani, Y. Knyazikhin, and R.B. Myneni |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2006, Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 1885-1898 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Analysis of Leaf Area Index and Fraction of PAR Absorbed by Vegetation Products from the Terra MODIS Sensor: 2000-2005 |
| Author: Wenze Yang, Dong Huang, Bin Tan, Julienne C. Stroeve, Nikolay V. Shabanov, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, and Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 44, No. 7, July 2006, Part 1, 1829- 1842 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Validation of global moderate resolution LAI Products: a framework proposed within the CEOS Land Product Validation subgroup |
| Author: Jeff Morisette, Fred Baret, Jeff Privette, Ranga Myneni, Jaime Nickeson, Sébastien Garrigues, Nikolay Shabanov, Marie Weiss, Richard Fernandes, Sylvain Leblanc, Margaret Kalacska, Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa, Michael Chubey, Benoit Rivard, Pauline Stenberg, Miina Rautiainen, Pekka Voipio, Terhikki Manninen, Andrew Pilant, Timothy Lewis, John Iiames, Roberto Colombo, Michele Meroni, Lorenzo Busetto, Warren Cohen, David Turner, Eric Warner,and Gary Petersen, Guenter Seufert, Robert Cook |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 44, No. 7, July 2006 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Assessment of the MODIS LAI product for Australian ecosystems |
| Author: Michael J. Hill, Udaya Senarath, Alex Lee, Melanie Zeppel, Joanne M. Nightingale, Richard (Dick) J. Williams, Tim R. McVicarg |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 101 (2006) 495-518 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of the Representativeness of Networks of Sites for the Global Validation and Intercomparison of Land Biophysical Products: Proposition of the CEOS-BELMANIP |
| Author: Frédéric Baret, Jeffrey T. Morisette, Richard A. Fernandes, J. L. Champeaux, Ranga B. Myneni, J. Chen, Stephen Plummer, M. Weiss, C. Bacour, Sébastien Garrigues, and Jaime E. Nickeson |
| Source: IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44: 1794-1803, 2006 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Time-series validation of MODIS land biophysical products in a Kalahari woodland, Africa |
| Author: Fred Huemmrich, Jeff Privete, Mukufute Mukelabai, Ranga Myneni, Yuri Knyazikhin |
| Source: International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 26, No. 19, 10 October 2005, 4381-4398 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: A hybrid inversion method for mapping leaf area index from MODIS data: experiments and application to broadleaf and needleleaf canopies |
| Author: Hongliang Fang, Shunlin Liang |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 94 (2005) 405-424 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Spatial Validation of the Collection 4 MODIS LAI Product in Eastern Amazonia |
| Author: Luiz Aragão, Yosio Shimabukuro, Fernando EspÍrito-Santo, Mathew Williams |
| Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 43, No. 11, November 2005 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Validation of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer leaf area index product in croplands of Alpilles, France |
| Author: Tan, B., Hu, J., Zhang, P., Huang, D., Shabanov, N.V., Weiss, M., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R.B. |
| Source: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 110, D01107, doi:10.1029/2004JD004860, 2005 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Assessment of the broadleaf crops leaf area index product from the Terra MODIS instrument |
| Author: Bin Tan, Jiannan Hu, Dong Huang, Wenze Yang, Ping Zhang, Nikolay V. Shabanov, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ramakrishna R. Nemani, Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 135 (2005) 124-134 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Estimating light absorption by chlorophyll, leaf and canopy in a deciduous broadleaf forest using MODIS data and a radiative transfer model |
| Author: Qingyuan Zhang, Xiangming Xiao, Bobby Braswell, Ernst Linder, Fred Baret, Berrien Moore III |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 99 (2005) 357-371 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Analysis and optimization of the MODIS LAI and FPAR algorithm performance over broadleaf forests |
| Author: Shabanov, N.V., Huang, D., Yang, W., Tan, B., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R.B., Ahl, D.E., Gower, S.T., Huete, A.R., Aragao, L.E.O.C., Shimabukuro, Y.E. |
| Source: IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 43: 1855-1865, 2005. |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of MODIS LAI, fAPAR and the relation between fAPAR and NDVI in a semi-arid environment using in situ measurements |
| Author: Rasmus Fensholt, Inge Sandholt, Michael Schultz Rasmussen |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 91 (2004) 490-507 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Canopy structure in savannas along a moisture gradient on Kalahari sands |
| Author: Robert Scholes, Peter Frost, Yuhong Tian |
| Source: Global Change Biology (2004) 10, 292-302, doi: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00703.x |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Comparison of seasonal and spatial variations of leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Common Land Model |
| Author: Y. Tian, R. E. Dickinson, L. Zhou, X. Zeng, Y. Dai, R. B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, X. Zhang, M. Friedl, H. Yu, W. Wu, M. Shaikh |
| Source: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 109, D01103, doi:10.1029/2003JD003777, 2004 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Evaluation of the MODIS LAI algorithm at a coniferous forest site in Finland |
| Author: Yujie Wang, Curtis E. Woodcock, Wolfgang Buermann, Pauline Stenberg, Pekka Voipio, Heikki Smolander, Tuomas Häme, Yuhong Tian, Jiannan Hu, Yuri Knyazikhin, Ranga B. Myneni |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 91 (2004) 114-127 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: A regional phenology model for detecting onset of greenness in temperate mixed forests, Korea: an application of MODIS leaf area index |
| Author: Sinkyu Kang, Steven W. Running, Jong-Hwan Limb, Maosheng Zhaoa, Chan-Ryul Park, Rachel Loehman |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 86 (2003) 232-242 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Comparisons of land cover and LAI estimates derived from ETM+ and MODIS for four sites in North America: a quality assessment of 2000/2001 provisional MODIS products |
| Author: Warren B. Cohen , Thomas K. Maiersperger, Zhiqiang Yang, Stith T. Gower, David P. Turner, William D. Ritts, Mercedes Berterretche, Steven W. Running |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 88 (2003) 233-255 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Early spatial and temporal validation of MODIS LAI product in the Southern Africa Kalahari |
| Author: J.L. Privette, R.B. Myneni, Y. Knyazikhin, M. Mukelabai, G. Roberts, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, S.G. Leblanc |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment 83 (2002) 232-243 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
| Title: Investigation of product accuracy as a function of input and model uncertainities: Case study with SeaWiFS and MODIS LAI/FPAR algorithm |
| Author: Wang, Y., Tian, Y., Zhang, Y., El-Saleous, N., Knyazikhin, Y., Vermote, E., Myneni, R.B. |
| Source: Remote Sensing of Environment, 78: 296-311, 2001 |
| View Abstract and Access Publication |
